Analysis away from Products Sum to help you Times Consumption in summer and Winter

Equipment from Person Diet, Agency out of Food Technology and you can Individual Nutrients, Farming School of Athens, 75 Iera Odos St., Athens 11855, Greece; E-Mails: (O.Yards.); (V.B.); (A good.Z.)

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Abstract

All drinks hydrate and most also provide nutrients and energy. Our objective was to evaluate the contribution of drinks to total energy intake in summer and winter. Data were obtained using the Water Balance Questionnaire (WBQ) from a sample of the general population in Athens, Greece (n = 984), 473 individuals (42 ± 18 years) in summer and 511 individuals (38 ± 20 years) in winter stratified by sex and age. The WBQ embeds a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire of 58 foods and the Short International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Data were analyzed for the contribution of drinks to total energy intake. In winter, total energy intake was 2082 ± 892 kcal/day; energy intake from drinks was 479 ± 286 kcal/day and energy expenditure 1860 ± 390 kcal/day. In summer, total energy intake was 1890 ± 894 kcal/day, energy intake from drinks 492 ± 499 kcal/day and energy expenditure 1830 ± 491 kcal/day. Energy intake from drinks in summer was higher than in winter (p < 0.001)> Keywords: water balance questionnaire WBQ, winter, summer, hydration, sugar-sweetened drinks, drink

step one. Introduction

Products throughout the categories of teas, coffee, milk products, juices, carbonated drinks, diet drinks, energy beverages and you may alcoholic beverages are available in a huge and you may expanding quantity of possibilities. Range matches preferences preferences, health criteria, and you can life requires, and if several beverages arrive, it is more likely to started to euhydration .

Drinks lead approximately 25%–50% from intake of water [2,step 3,4], for this reason he or she is very important to fulfilling everyday h2o needs and having euhydration. Hydration has been from the restoration out of regular actual and intellectual attributes .

However, this has been contended one to beverages contribute significantly towards the broadening being obese cost global [6,7], simply because of their energy content [8,nine,10]. In certain education, Glucose Sweetened Products (SSB) practices has been of the putting on weight in children and you may people , while research that decreasing SSBs have a tendency to reduce the risk of carrying excess fat and you can associated ailment such as type 2 diabetes could have been seen since compelling . Energy intake away from drinks has increased substantially for the past forty age of the everything 222 fat per people just about every day .

Still, drinks regarding various classes don’t contribute just as to time intake . The ability posts of your drink plus practices designs may suggest otherwise, we.elizabeth., specific caloric drinks tends to be consumed rarely for this reason adding little so you can every single day opportunity consumption. This has been argued one substitution sweetened caloric products with water might help get rid of overall times intake when you look at the heavy people . However, usage of sweetened caloric drinks are a complicated thing which can be regarded outside of the caloric sum plus in the latest perspective out-of dietary activities .

More over, at exactly the same time to help you dining usage, individuals points particularly seasonality, physical exercise profile and sex could affect the newest range for the take in choices and you can sum to help you complete times intake. These points haven't been completely investigated; further education in this region commonly elucidate the present day matter-of energy consumption of losing weight offer and you may regarding beverages specifically.

Inside the a previous study presented when you look at the Greece, with the H2o Balance Questionnaire (WBQ) tool, i unearthed that into the 984 people, 24% regarding intake of water originates from drinks . There can be a keen unequivocal need to subsequent advanced on these why are Aksu women so beautiful results, elucidating brand new contribution regarding products so you can complete times intake and you may harmony.